The spectroscope |
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The spectroscope is an important tool of the modern gemmologist. Although I need to ad, that this concerns the infrared or near infrared spectroscopes. A handheld spectroscope for visible light shows the absorption lines of the elements involved in producing its color. It helps to separate ruby (chrome) against red or pink sapphire (iron) to name only one example.
Hand spectroscope with fixed slit This tool requires a good training and an appropriate incandescent light source (halogen or LED is also ok). Colorless stones show no absorption spectrum. The sunlight shows a typical absorption spectrum, the Fraunhofersche lines. Fluorescence lamps show an emission spectrum. For demonstration you may examinate besides gemstones also liquids or flames colored by metal salts.
Some spectroscopes can be focused. This is useful as the prism type spectroscope can't show the whole length of the scale in focus at once. You may choose between the spectroscope with or without a wavelength scale. The wavelengtscale is adjusted to the yellow D-Line of natrium at 589.3 nm. The wavelengts of the absorption spectrum allow to identify the coloring elements. Table of elements and their spectral lines
Handspectroscope with wavelength scale
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